Aatma Nirbhar Bharat Abhiyan
How Aatma Nirbhar Bharat is a new way to grow the economy of our country?
INTRODUCTION
In today’s world hit by pandemic, the most talked topic is ‘self-reliant’ or ‘self-sufficiency’. In a world, so competitive, highly solicited that there should be change made in economic pattern to render the highly demanding supply chain. India as a country stand strong after the recent speech of Honorable Prime Minister on ‘Aatma Nirbhar Bharat'. It has also been accentuated by the Honorable PM Narendra Modi in his recent address to nation to be ‘vocal for local' such that self sufficiency can be achieved in all spheres of life. It is based on Gandhian Swadeshi Movement and Nehruvian Socialism means not divorcing from International trades. In 4th Industrial revolution, for better development in every aspect India need to approach the principle of self reliant.
Advantages of self sufficiency
§ Reduce dependency on other country's import:- Through self sufficiency we can move toward reduction in dependency on import. This can be achieved through import substitution, giving added advantages to local manufacturer.
§ Boosting of export:- As evident from the Green Revolution, from ship-to-mouth economy, we have become a net exporter of grains.
§ Emancipation of domestic manufacturer:- with the means of production within the country, the domestic manufacturer can be empowered to become global and play a valuable role in global supply chain.
§ Added security benefits:- In this
globalized era, the too much dependency on import can compromise the national
security . In times of crisis the country can be asked to divulge its data and information important for
the nation.
§ Prevention of trade wars:- self sufficiency is the foremost step in avoiding Trade wars. As it is evident from China’s plan of 2035, to be self sufficient economy in A.I. and Biotech etc.
Advantages of self sufficiency
§ Reduce dependency on other country's import:- Through self sufficiency we can move toward reduction in dependency on import. This can be achieved through import substitution, giving added advantages to local manufacturer.
§ Boosting of export:- As evident from the Green Revolution, from ship-to-mouth economy, we have become a net exporter of grains.
§ Emancipation of domestic manufacturer:- with the means of production within the country, the domestic manufacturer can be empowered to become global and play a valuable role in global supply chain.
§ Added security benefits:- In this
globalized era, the too much dependency on import can compromise the national
security . In times of crisis the country can be asked to divulge its data and information important for
the nation.
§ Prevention of trade wars:- self
sufficiency is the foremost step in avoiding Trade wars. As it is evident from
China’s plan of 2035, to be self sufficient economy in A.I. and Biotech etc.
India's Approach on Self Reliance Economy
India after independence completely missed out the ‘third revolution' and did not modernized the manufacturing and technological sectors like other countries such as US, China , Vietnam, Malaysia did.
§ Now it’s moving towards the idea of self reliant just as the Covid-19 struck the economy.
§ Five pillars of self reliance as Honorable PM explains in their speech are Economy, Infrastructure, System, Demographic dividends, Demands.
Major dependence of India on other economies
§ Oil and gas account for bulk of India’s import from gulf countries.
§ Defense equipments from Russia, France, US.
§ Electronic goods from China.
§ Coals and crude oil import.
Steps Needs To Be Taken
§ Market oriented research and development:- This new concept can be of huge potential as the Research and Development can be molded as per the market demand. Example – In today’s world, more impetus needed to be given to AI, Biotechnology etc, which the private sector can utilize for boosting their income as well as provide necessary economic support.
I.e. 15%. This will attract individual entrepreneur to invest in Technological Manufacturing.
§ Technological Parks:- Like
special Economic zones, Technological parks can be created for domestic
entrepreneur which will attract investment from them. The domestic tech giants
can be given necessary framework in terms of government approvals, tax benefits
etc. to invest in technology.
§ Business (include MSMEs):- To generate
economy, India need to work to strengthen businesses especially MSMEs. Economic
stimulus, PM Garib Kalyan package
etc. are beneficial.
§ Poor (include farmers and migrants):- Poor,
farmers and migrants are need to facilitate by implementing PPP model (public
private partnership). MUDRA shishu loan, NABARD, MGNREGA, PM-KISAN etc. schemes
should be properly provided.
§ Agriculture:- Maintain proper food chain supply,
value additional, operation green should be implement. Establishment of more
food processing industry. Introducing the
concept of contact farming. Providing agricultural products such as fertilizer
and pesticides at affordable rates.
§ New horizon of growth:- Coal
sector, mineral, Defense, aviation, power , social infrastructure, space, atomic
energy sector, develop by using technologies,
privatization and so on.
§ Government reforms and enablers:- Health
sector, education sector, corporate sector, PSEs, etc. need to make record by
enhancing their GDP investment.
Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) In Way of Self Reliance
§ Joint venture:- The joint venture of private
and public sector will lead to better quality and efficient working.
Example – Maruti + Suzuki corp. = quality products
§ Supply-Demand chain:- To meet the
ever-growing demanding supply chain, the both aspect can came together.
Example – Crude oil demand + private oil company = meeting demand
§ PPPs in Defense: - This public private
partnership has recently bore fruit of success. It will produce indigenous
aircrafts for India.
Example- HAI + private technology = indigenous aircrafts
§ PPPs in Education and skill development:- The
partnership can ensure better quality
of education to generate better human resources. Skill development will help in getting better qualitative workers,
better trained workers.
§ PPPs in healthcare sector:- Healthcare
sector urgently needs PPP in order to get
timely help to the people and become cost efficient. It will progress on key
health indicators like life expectancy, infant mortality, and pandemic readiness.
§ Up gradation of PSUs:- Public sector units(PSUs) like DRDO, ICAR, ICMR, should be upgraded by linked with private sectors delivery oriented research and development. This will create a distinctive place for economic ecosystem. By participation of private sectors, it will give meaningful levels of the supply chain.
Challenges
· Lack of infrastructural growth:- India's ambition of sustaining its relatively high growth depends on one important factor: infrastructure. The country, however, is plagued with a weak infrastructure incapable of meeting the needs of a growing economy and growing population.
·
Lack of
awareness:- lack of good communication of government towards public is
the another problem in a way of self reliant India. If there is no
communication between government and public then this will leads to lack of
awareness among people about the
policies of government.
· Corruption:- One of the major problem in today’s world is the corruption and misuse of public money by high officials.
· Conflict between stakeholders and management:- There are number of conflicts arises between stakeholders and management in privatization which disturb the coordination between these two sides.
· Illiteracy among the people:- Government of India needs to proper infrastructure and a separate awareness programs, so that, every single person can aware about the policies of Government because illiteracy is the big problem in India and also government has to improve their education policies, so that, every single man of the society can be educated.
Conclusion
As government has been announcing various schemes on the basis of Aatma Nirbhar Abhiyan , still government needs to follow up the friendly approach towards all sectors of economy of the country to be truly self-reliant and self-sufficient. India needs to embark on digital revolution in AI, UAVs (unnamed aerial vehicles), Biotech, solar, pharmaceutical etc. Invest more in Research and Development and enhance collaboration of research and development with private sector entrepreneur. Boosting start-up by providing Tax breaks. Self reliance need a paradigm shifts in our approach towards various important sectors. PPPs models, increasing GDP are the way to follow the concept of self reliant India.
Moving towards globalization India can overpower the gap of Industrial Revolution by strengthened Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and by strengthening Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) to push forward Aatma Nirbhar Bharat capacity. Hence make India ‘vocal to local' (Atma Nirbhar) is need in deed.
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